Victor Hugo

Victor Hugo (1802-1885) was a renowned French poet, novelist, and playwright who played a significant role in the Romantic literary movement. His works often explored themes of love, politics, and social injustice. Hugo was born on February 26, 1802, in Besançon, France. His father was a general in Napoleon’s army, and his mother was a royalist and supporter of the Bourbon monarchy. He showed early literary talent and published his first book of poetry at age twenty. Hugo married Adèle Foucher in 1822, and they had five children together.

Notable Works:
Les Misérables (1862)
One of Hugo’s most famous works, The Life of Jean Valjean, is a sprawling novel that follows the lives of several characters, including the ex-convict Jean Valjean, against the backdrop of social and political upheaval in 19th-century France.

The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831)
This novel tells the story of Quasimodo, the hunchbacked bell ringer of Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris, and Esmeralda, a beautiful gypsy girl. The book explores themes of love, fate, and social injustice.

Les Contemplations (1856)
   This collection of poetry is considered one of Hugo’s masterpieces. It reflects his personal experiences, including the death of his daughter, Léopoldine.

Victor Hugo was also known for his political activism. He was a staunch supporter of republicanism and opposed Napoleon III’s authoritarian rule. Due to his political beliefs, he was exiled from France in 1851 and spent over 15 years in various countries, including Belgium and the Channel Islands. Returning to France in 1870 after Napoleon III fell from power, he continued to write and be involved in politics until his death on May 22, 1885, in Paris.

Victor Hugo’s works have had a lasting impact on literature and continue to be studied and celebrated today. He is regarded as one of the greatest French writers, known for his lyrical style, social commentary, and passionate storytelling. Hugo’s life and work exemplify his commitment to art, justice, and human rights, making him a towering figure in French literature and culture. 

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